This file part of www.dodgejeffgen.com website

 

Contributed by Susan Goodman

Gunderson Family History

 

Rasmussen Family History

 

Rock River Norwegian Lutheran Settlement and Congregation

 

[ This memoir gives a nice feeling for what life was like on an early farm ]

 

EARLY LIFE AND FAMILY

 

Published in 1959 by Nicholas Gunderson [1876-1962]

 

I was born in a log house on a farm, along the Rock River in the town of Ixonia, in Jefferson County, Wisconsin on a Sunday morning November 5, 1876. My father Nils Naas Gunderson, one of the pioneers in the Rock River settlement, was born in Drangedal, Norway, March 1, 1835. He came to America at the age of ten, with his parents, Gunder and Asper Naas Nelson, in a sail boat called the "Presiosa", in seven weeks and two days. This was regarded as breaking all records of speed up to that time. The trip from New York to Milwaukee was made by the way of the Erie Canal, and the Great Lakes. They drove from Milwaukee to the East banks of the Rock River with oxen, a distance of 35 miles. Here they chose to cast their lot, and with a few other early pioneers, they became the nucleus of the Rock River Norwegian Lutheran Settlement and Congregation.

 

My mother, Anne [Kaarfelt/Corfelt] , was born in Gulbrandsdalen, Norway March 17, 1839. As a little girl of six years of age, she came to America in the Spring of 1845 with her parents, Ole [Ingebrechtsen Kaarfeld/Corfeld] and Eli [Nilsdatter Berndum]  Corfeld, who were among the pioneers who braved the frontier life, and blazed the way for the future State. The trip across the Atlantic was made in seven weeks in a sail boat called "Oleous". When they reached New York, there was great rejoicing, for they had made the trip in record time and had beaten the "Presiosa" which was considered one of the fastest boats, by two days. They reached Milwaukee by way of the Erie Canal and the Great Lakes August 10th of the same year.

 

Milwaukee, at that time was only a small village, built in the swamp along Lake Michigan. From there they made their way through the woods on foot and with oxen to the west bank of Rock River. Here they built their log house which was to become their home in the new world.

 

On June 15, 1861, my father, Nils, and my mother Anne, were married by Rev. Nils Brandt. They moved to the farm near Ixonia, which had been bought by my grandfather, Gunder Naas, in July of 1858. On June 15, 1911, they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary on the farm where they had lived during all these years. A feature of the celebration of the golden anniversary was the presence of my father's mother, who was 92 years old, and the Rev. Nils Brandt, of McFarland, who gave the main address, and who had performed the wedding ceremony 50 years before. This is a very rare occurrence and has very seldom, if ever been duplicated.

 

Among the seventy five or more relatives and friends from Oconomowoc, Toland and the Rock River settlement, were two of fathers brothers and two sisters from Minnesota, Andrew Nelson from Kasson, Christian Nelson from Owatonna, Mina Holmen from Kenyon and Emma Lord from St. Paul. A big banquet dinner was served on a long outdoor table under the beautiful maples on the farm lawn. A beautiful gold headed cane was given to my father, and a gold headed parasol to my mother. Besides the address given by Rev. Brandt, talks were made by Rev. O. I. Wilhelmsen, Pastor of the Rock River St. Luke's Church for 37 years, and by Nicholas Gunderson then Superintendent of the Prairie du Chien Schools. It was an occasion long to be remembered by all.

 

The old farm was first bought as a land grant from the Government by Lyman Kellog and signed by Pres. John Tyler September 10, 1844. Kellog sold it to Christian Johnson in 1852, and he to my grandfather Gunder Nelson Naas on July 15, 1858. Next July it will therefore have been in our family 100 years. I still have all the recorded documents. What a history and what memories the farm and old home bring to mind. In the early days the busy spinning wheel - the tallow candles, - the kerosene lamp and lantern, the old oaken bucket well, the scythe and cradle to cut hay and grain, the old wood stove. I can remember them all. No telephone, no radio, no television, no mail service, no electric lights or power. The windmill was a great labor saving help to pump water for the cows when it came in 1890. Mother said in the first few years on the farm, Indians would walk along the river bank. They often stopped [and looked] toward the buildings, but none ever came to the house. Yet there was fear many times. Thousands of Indian arrows and two very perfect stone axes, have been found on the farm. My brother sold them more than seventy years ago for 75 cents. What a sale! or shall I say, what a buy?

 

Sunday was a day of reverence, and no farm work was ever done on Sunday. Every third Sunday there were Lutheran services in the old St. Luke's Church, and all the families, including the children in the congregation, as a rule were present. If a family was missing, mother used to say; "someone must have been sick or something, in that home on that day." Church and Church attendance was given a high place in the thought and life of the early settlers. Sermons were long. Two hours were not unusual. Most children went to sleep, and very often a loud sonorous snore, could not be heard emanating from some tired and overworked settler. Many a child wet his pants, before he heard with joy the announcement by the pastor of the closing hymn. So you see, even got religion the hard way. But nothing came easy for the early pioneers. Everything worth while, won or achieved, was by sweat and toil -- the hard way,

 

The old cemetery in front of the old church brings back many sad memories. Most of my old friends, father, mother, and nearly all of the ten brothers and sisters, are buried there. Eight of my mother's children preceded her in death. In the early days and before the turn of the last century, funerals were crude and simple. There was no hearse. A sleigh or wagon was used. After a short service in the church, the service was concluded at the grave. On many such occasions, my uncle Even Corfeld, who had strong harness lines provided them to lower the casket into the grave. The pastor would then commit the body to the ground in these words; "Fra Jord er du tagen; til Jord skall du blive; og av jorden skall du ijen op staa". A literal translation: "From earth you are taken; to earth you shall become, and from earth you shall again arise."  The minister would then announce a hymn, and while the people sang friends and neighbors, who had brought shovels, would proceed to fill the grave. There was no sham or show among these simple folk.

 

What a contrast to what we see today. Thousands of dollars spent on flowers, show and paraphernalia, while millions of under privileged people, in nearly all parts of the world go to bed hungry every night.

 

Another cemetery scene I remember as a little boy. This, of course, could not happen today. A man of the congregation had committed suicide. The old belief was that this not only destroyed the body and also the soul. So the body could not be taken into the church for any services. Neither would they carry the body through the front gate, but the pallbearers lifted the casket over the fence at the corner of the cemetery, where it is buried in an unmarked grave.

 

Rev. O. I. M. Wilhelmsen was our minister for 37 years, from 1875 to 1912. He baptized me and he confirmed me in a class of 22, in 1890, eleven girls and eleven boys. As far as I know, all except me, are dead. There were eleven from Toland, five from Stone Bank and six from the Rock River congregation. All church services were then in Norwegian. So we had to learn our "Katikismus" "Forklaring" and "Bibel Historyi" in Norwegian. Then on the day of confirmation we had to submit to a one hour oral examination by the pastor, in the presence of the entire congregation. All of us standing in two lines in the middle aisle of the church.

 

After this ordeal we were asked to kneel at the altar. Each of us was then required to give an affirmative answer to the three following questions: For sager du jevelen og aile hans gjerninger og alt hans wesen? Tror du pa Gud Fader, Gud son, og Gud den Heilig aand? Vii du i denne tro blive bestandig intil enden? After our answer, "Ja". The pastor would then say "Giv mig den hand of Gud dit hjerte der paa." Then we were given our first communion. All of us kneeling at the altar, and as we partook of the cup, the pastor would repeat to each of us. "Det er Jesu sande blod," and when given the bread, to each he would say: "Det er Jesu sande legeme". There were no short cuts or easy ways in the days of the early pioneers.

 

The early settlers, who came from Norway in 1842, 43, 44, and 45 and built their log homes on the banks of the Rock River, were religious people of the Lutheran faith. They longed for the church, and the influence of church services. So as early as 1842 it is recorded that they met in the woods on Sundays to read their "postils and Bibles", and to sing the old hymns they knew so well and had sung in Norway. At that time a Swede came among them who had studied Theology in Upsala, Sweden. He was not an ordained minister, but he was well educated, so he began to conduct these Sunday services. The record shows that in 1843, he preached "regularly in the communities of Rock River and Toland", and "by 1844, regular services began to be held every 4th Sunday at "Pine Lake (Stone Bank), Rock River & Toland." This Swede, Gustave Unonius, was an Episcopalian. He told these Lutherans, however, there was no difference, or at least very little, between these two faiths. The early settlers began to question this. They had not come to America to change their religion. At this time a Lutheran pastor from Norway, by the name of J. W. C. Dietrickson, occasionally came to the settlement and he convinced them that they should remain true to the Lutheran faith of their homeland.

 

In 1848 the first church was built, and a call was sent to Norway for a minister. The first regular minister Rev. Nils Brandt, did not come however, until 1851. Muskego congregation was organized in 1844, and has the credit of being the "Oldest-Norwegian Lutheran church in America". From the record related, showing settlement and religious services in the woods at Rock River in 1842, and regular meetings of Lutheran people in the Rock River congregation in 1843, there seems to be evidence that St. Luke’s at Rock River, should not be regarded as the 2nd, but that it should have the honor of being, the oldest Norwegian Lutheran Congregation in America. Since no regular minister was available for the St. Luke's congregation, my father had to walk 70 miles to the Muskego church in 1850, to be confirmed. One of fathers sisters and three of fathers half sisters, are buried in the old cemetery in front of the church.

 

Marte Torine, born in Drangedal, Norway Oct. 3, 1832; died May 7, 1847

Kjersti Marie, born in Drangedal, Norway Dec. 15, 1842; died Jan. 15, 1846

Karen Marie, born in Drangedal, Norway Aug. 12, 1844; died Oct. 2, 1846

Kjersti Mane, Born May 22, 1849; died Apr. 7, 1852

 

The above four are buried in the two oldest marked graves. The first Kjersti Marie and Karen Marie, are buried just in front of the church. Marte Torine and the 2nd Kjerste Marie a little to the right. The two oldest marble tombstones, dated 1846, mark their graves. There may be a few older graves but these are not marked. During an epidemic the first years, my grandfather and another man, were the only two, well enough to bury the dead.

 

Regular services in the old St. Luke’s Rock River Congregation were discontinued in December 1956. The building and cemetery have been taken over, and are to be maintained by Our Savior’s Lutheran Church of Oconomowoc. The building will be kept as a memorial shrine, with an occasional service of dedication and memory.(*)  This agreement by the St. Luke's congregation and Our Savior’s congregation was a perpetuation of the memory, hopes, courage, and ideals, of our early forefathers, who braved the Atlantic and frontier life, and paved the way for the future state. We are indebted to them, and we hold their memory in high honor and esteem.

 

The old "Gunderson or Naas farm", as I have stated was bought by my grandfather, Gunder Naas in 1858. It consists of 117 acres in the town of Ixonia, and is bounded on North and West by the Rock River. It therefore has a river frontage of about three-fourths of a mile. Here my father and mother lived and worked. My father for 52 years and my mother for 62 years. After my father's death, my brother Gunder took over, and operated it until 1941, when his ill health made in necessary for me to take charge. Since 1944 the farm has been under my ownership and direction, on a tenant share basis or on a monthly cash hired hand basis. I owned all the live stock, machinery and equipment. In a years time my sales have been as high as 175,000 pounds of milk, 4000 dozen eggs and the sale of around 40 to 50 hogs and small pigs, besides several calves and old cows. However in the spring of 1957, I found it nearly impossible to get good and reliable help. So on March 7, 1957, I sold at public auction all my machinery, and equipment, grain, hay and silage, 6 brood sows, 250 laying hens and 35 head of cattle. During the 12 years with artificial insemination, I had built up a very good herd of cattle. The milk of each cow had been weighed regularly once a month. In this way I was able to dispose of the poor producers. A week before the auction, three of my cows milked over 60# a day. One 67-1/2#, on 62#, and one 61#. My nephew, Rolland Rasmussen, who was then taking care of my stock said: "I must cut down on the feed of these cows, because they more than fill the milking machine pail, and I am afraid it will clog the milk line". When this was told to the auctioneer on the day of the sale he said: "Most farmers don't have this trouble." One of my cows brought $330.00. The auctioneer told me after the sale, "Your herd brought the highest average of any auction I have held in Jefferson and Waukesha counties the past year."

 

I have now placed the farm in the Soil Bank, and my neighbor rents the pasture and cuts some acres of clover hay on shares. The farm home is rented. I tell my friends, I do not believe in the Benson's Soil Bank, but since the Republicans have things to "give away" I might as well get some of it. Their "give away" to farmers, however, is insignificant, and can easily be changed by legislation. But the "give away" of oil reserves, important mineral and forest lands, and water power sites, to private monopolies, for special gain by a few, is permanent and a national disgrace. These few remaining natural resources belong to all the people, and should be retained by them, for all time, and worked and developed, in the interests and benefit of all.

 

This important issue has led me off on a tangent. Now again to the Old Farm. On August 19, 1958, I received at the Wisconsin State Fair the "Centennial Certificate", for having a farm in the same name for 1 00 years. I hold this certificate in high esteem. In the fall of 1958, I placed all the remaining part of my crop land, into the soil bank for $21.50 per acre, for a period of 10 years. So now, no acreage on my farm can be cultivated for raising corn, grain or hay or any other farm crop. What joy and memories of the last 80 of these years, bring to me! A large family of ten children - seven girls and three boys, and not always quite enough of all the good things to eat. Bread, potatoes and "Fit graut" (flour, milk and pork fat stirred and fried) was often the menu. But as youngsters we were well, happy and full of life. Mother always had a lilac switch stuck back of the mirror in the kitchen. There was much threatening, but I never remember she ever used it. Mother was the kindest and best soul that every lived. She always sought the interest, happiness and welfare of others, but gave very little thought of anything for herself.

 

Father was kind, but his word was law. If we asked him for something, or to go someplace and he said "no", that would end it. There was no use to ask a second time, for "no", meant "no". There was no word half way between "no" and "yes" to him. This probably is a lost trait in parents today, and when I see the behavior of many children, I think it is a trait that should be recaptured.

 

Sunday was a day of reverence. No farm work, only that which was absolutely necessary. In the early years mother did not want us to play ball, or go fishing on Sunday, and she would pray for an "eternal Sabbath". As children of course, we thought "what could be worse than that." Since church services were held only every third Sunday, father would call us in from play, the other two Sundays and read a long sermon from the "postil", which had very little meaning, if any, to us. Yet the memory of this, no doubt, has had its influence. Sunday, however, was a happy day. Friends and relatives would come to visit and mother would never have anyone go away without sitting down for coffee and something to eat.

 

The little country school was an important factor in our lives. Father was a strong believer in Public Education. The school was two miles distant, but, even through rain, snow or storm, we would get to that school. Even to be tardy was a disgrace. I can remember no time when I was late. We only had a six months school. The teacher, as a rule, was not even a high school graduate. We had double desks - two in a seat. There was no library, or reference books or supplementary readers. The only books and instruction material belonging to the school, was an old Webster’s Dictionary, an old Atlas and a small globe and a set of maps. The pupils had to buy or borrow their text books. Yet, the country schools, of this nation have been the back bone of our democracy.

 

 

I was the seventh pupil to receive my diploma from this school in 1895. The six others before me were Juila, Winnie and Nellie Owen, Roy and Forest Hastings and my sister Tina. My sister Nettie received a diploma two or three years later.

 

In the summer of 1895, I worked on the farm near Toland for my brother-in-law, Otto Soleson, for $15 per month. He had a big dairy herd and hog farm. We worked early and late. One day he and I shocked 10 acres of barley that yielded 60 bushels to the acre. That was more than two men should do in two days. I cannot explain to those who have never shocked barley, but the barley beards will get inside your shirt and trousers, and torture you without mercy -- and this in the hot sun with the temperatures 90 to 100 degrees. Yes, this was the hard road to getting an education.

 

(*) The church was razed in 1973 (Heritage of Ixonia, Vol I, 1975, p 36)

 

Nels Gunderson

 

From "Genealogy and History of the Nelson Family" 1378-1928 by A G Nelson, Kasson, MN March 1928.

 

Nels Gunderson aka Nels Gunderson Naas came to American at the age of ten with his parents, Gunder and (step-mother-Asberg Oline Tykesdatter Naas) Asper Naas Nelson in the spring of 1845. The trip across the ocean was made in a sail boat called the "Oleous" in seven weeks and two days.  This was regarded as breaking all records for speed up to that time.  The trip from New York to Milwaukee was made by way of the Erie Canal and the Great Lakes.  They drove from Milwaukee to the banks of the Rock River with oxen, a distance of thirty-five miles.  Here they chose to cast their lot, and with a few other early pioneers, they became the nucleus of the Rock River Norwegian settlement and congregation.

 

On June 15th, 1911, Mr. and Mrs. [Anne Corfeld] Gunderson celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary on the farm where they had lived all their married lives.  On that occasion Rev. N. Brandt, who performed the marriage ceremony 50 years before, was present and gave one of the addresses.

 

Mr. Gunderson was always interested in schools and in education and was always ready and willing to further any worthy cause to the full extent of his means and ability.  He was a loyal member of the Lutheran church and was always eager to promote its interests and extend its influence.

 

He died on Jan 23, 1913, at his home on the farm near Ixonia, where he had lived for fifty-two years.  Internment was in the Rock River cemetery. Rev D. J. Nolstad and Rev. O. I. M. Wilhelmsen officiated at the funeral service.

 

 

My autobiography - Laurene Rasmussen Mickelsen [1901-1995]

 

I was born on a farm six miles out of Oconomowoc on October 16, 1901.  When my father announced in the morning to the five boys that they had a sister, my brother Vilas said, “We don’t get girls in this family.”

 

Sadly, my mother caught pneumonia and died when I was three weeks old.  She was 39 years old.  Grandma took me home, and Dad was left with the five boys and a dairy farm to run. The boys had to learn to do things. Dad baked the bread, sewed little shirts for the boys, and was both mother and father to them.  Aunt Laura said he made a better buttonhole than she did.

 

When I was nine months old my Aunt Ida couldn’t stand my crying night and day (she was pregnant), so my Aunt Ella, Dad’s sister, took me and treated me as one of her own.  (Aunt Ida and Uncle Gunder lived with Grandpa and Grandma and ran the farm).

 

Aunt Ella had a big five-bedroom house.  One of her daughters died of leukemia shortly after I came there.  Later, my aunt had another little girl, a year and a half younger than I.  So we grew up together and had a wonderful childhood.  In the winter, we played upstairs and played “Big Lady.”

 

We used to go into the big walk-in closet and help ourselves to long skirts, shoes, hats, etc., that belonged to the three older girls.  Once I got the red skirt first, and Inez tried to take it away from me.  I fought for it and scratched her cheek with my fingernail.  It bled, so I hid under the bed. I got a good scolding and they said she might have a scar for life.  I felt terrible.

 

We played school a lot and church.  I was the preacher. Reminds me of when my daughter was four - she preached for her minister grandfather, standing on the footstool, and after she was through, she said, “Now, would you like to say a little something7.”  That amused Grandpa.

 

In the summer, we just couldn’t wait to take off our long underwear and go barefoot.  We loved to go to the big woods and pick spring flowers.  We would pick beautiful violets by the armful.  When living in Minneapolis many years later, I longed to pick violets every spring.

 

One time I climbed a tree in the woods and fell down and hit the back of my head on a sharp rock.  I went home bleeding, and Inez said, “Oh, Laurene, now you are going to die.”  I kept bleeding through the night and my aunt sat up with me.  It just bled in droplets.  I still feel that little bump in the back of my head.

 

Another time I was alone in the woods and I saw an animal staring at me.  I went home and described it and it was a raccoon, of course.

 

In the fall, we picked up many hickory nuts.  We had a pond on which we skated.  We also went tobogganing on a big hill and also went skiing.  I was a real tomboy and did everything Harvey and Walden did.

 

Uncle Johnny bought each of them bicycles.  Walden had a girl’s bike, so at seven I learned to ride that, as I couldn’t bear to have the boys get ahead of me.

 

Inez and I loved to make mud pies and decorate them. We would dress up the kittens in doll clothes, sit in the surrey, and pretend we were going on a trip.  We felt we were moving.

 

We never saw the Christmas tree until Christmas Eve. Then, after dinner, we would go into the parlor and see the tree ablaze in candles - real ones.  We went to church after that.

 

I always wondered how Uncle Johnny could sit and eat so long on Christmas Eve.  We always had beef ribs, mashed potatoes, vegetables, lefse and rice pudding.  Of course, we also had assorted cookies, such as Norwegian fattigmand, sanbakkels and sugar cookies.  I used to watch my aunt and Melinda make the lefse on top of the stove.

When I was about seven, I think, they said Haley’s Comet was coming and many people thought it would be the end of the world.  We were not especially disturbed.  The Bible said it would come some day.  We all went out in the front yard and watched it.

 

We would pick wild asparagus that grew up in the yard in spring.  It was very good.

 

There were many birthday parties.  My cousin Frances had a big one with many little girls.  Her mother had hidden peanuts (in shells) all over the house and the one who found the most got a prize.  Frances said, “I know where Mama hid the bag with the rest of the peanuts,” so we helped ourselves and got caught!  That threw us out of the contest.

 

We had lovely frosted “store” cookies at the party, as Frances’ father owned the general store in Monterey.  Reminds me of when I was perhaps seven and I told Uncle Ellis I had a dollar and wanted to buy seven Christmas presents.  Did I get bargains!  Poor Uncle Ellis went under in that store, as he had so many deadbeat customers who didn’t pay.  Uncle Gibby staked him so he opened a store in Ashippun, where he did much better.  His customers were mostly farmers.

 

Another birthday party I remember was Toots Ludwig’s. They handed out little booklets with tiny pencils attached for us to write our answers in.  I was so intrigued with that little pencil with a tassel on it that I took mine home. Did I ever get a scolding!  My aunt said I should have handed it in!  My first lesson in taking things that didn’t belong to me.

 

One time I got lost in the cornfield.  I was running up and down the rows, and I twirled my ring and lost it. When I was eight, I think, I won the spelldown at school.

 

We had all grades participate.  I received a Japanese cup and saucer.

 

I used to have big birthday parties on my birthday.  We would roll up the rug in the kitchen area and dance.  Eleanor Corfeldt taught me to waltz and two-step.  I think I was eight. Melinda, the oldest daughter, played the piano for the dancing.

 

She took piano lessons and became a good player.  I think she taught piano, too.

 

We used to stand around the piano and sing the latest songs plus the old ones and harmonize.  We sang many hymns.

 

We also liked to play Post Office.  We enjoyed lots of games at the birthday parties.

 

During the evenings at home we all sat around the dining room table reading, playing checkers, tiddlywinks or dominos. Sometimes “Ma” would read Bible stories from our little books. Inez and I said, “Read about the wedding in Cana.”  We liked that. We would cry when we heard about the people with leprosy in a pit and the men stood above them with Bible signs. We felt so sorry for them.  We loved to hear the story about Joseph and how he became a great man.

 

Of course, we all went to church every Sunday in the surrey.  In winter when the snow was deep we went in the big bobsled with runners.  The sermon was so long Inez and I would sleep.  The church was always cold, so we kept our coats on.  We did have a stove.  The men sat on one side and the women and children on the other.

 

I remember when Uncle Ellis and his new wife came they sat together on the men’s side.  They were highly criticized. Uncle Ellis’ first wife died when Frances was three, so he married the Monterey schoolteacher some years later.  Her name was Laura McCorkle.  We liked her very much.

 

Florence went to Oconomowoc High School and Uncle Johnny always picked her up and brought her home on Friday nights. One night the horses ran away.  He gave the horses a good whipping when he got them home.  We felt so sorry for the horses and we cried.

 

Florence went on to the Normal School in Milwaukee and became a teacher.  She was my teacher for my first year of school.  Uncle Johnny was on the school board, so he did much of the purchasing.  The man he bought from would come at night, and he was impressed at how smart I was.  It did my ego good, as everyone praised Inez for being so pretty.  She had milky white skin, hair that curled and was nice and plump.  I was skinny and freckled, so I never got praised for my good looks, but I knew I was smarter.

 

Melinda got married to a neighbor farmer and had three pretty girls and a boy.  My uncle did not bless this wedding, as the farmer wasn’t Norwegian.  My uncle refused to go to the wedding. The rest of us all went.

 

Later, Florence got married to a Scandinavian of Uncle Johnny’s choice, even though she had loved another boy in high school.  She never disobeyed her father.

 

I worried that Uncle Johnny “let the sun go down upon his wrath”, and I was afraid he wouldn’t go to heaven.  However, at Florence1s wedding he shook hands with Melinda’s husband. I was happy.

 

When I was ten, my father decided to remarry.  So he married the minister’s daughter.  She was 35 years old.  After their wedding, I had to go home to live with them.  I hated to leave Inez and my aunt, who were so dear to me.

 

Dad had a four-bedroom house.  I had the coldest room, and Dad made me open my windows every night, as he was afraid of T.B.  They called it consumption, and it killed many people, including several of my mother’s sisters.

 

My stepmother made me put away my favorite doll.  She said I was too big for dolls.  So I had no one to hug.  Dad told me once he didn’t dare show me affection or “ma” would be mad.  She thought I reminded him of his first wife.

 

My stepmother could be very nice and sometimes violent. She used to get “spells” where she would stiffen out and sometimes foam at the mouth.  Dad would have the doctor come, and he said it was hysteria.  She wouldn’t go to Tim’s first wedding, and when Dad went anyway, she got so mad she threw the heavy milk can off the porch!  I didn’t dare go for fear she would punish me.

 

When I was in the eighth grade at Monterey School, Dad built a new barn.  We had a red round one, but it was too small, as he wanted to expand his number of cows.  He built a much bigger one that was 100 feet long and painted it gray. Uncle Johnny said, “Why couldn’t he paint it red like other barns1.”  Dad was very progressive.  He had carpenters and other help while building it, so I had to stay home from school for four weeks or more to help cook for the men.  I was so afraid I might not pass the exams for entrance to high school. We had to write essays to get in.  However, I came through with flying colors.

 

My brother Vilas was my teacher that year.  Dad wanted him to earn some money before he went to the UW-Madison. One day I had taken some of my baby sister’s powder and taken it to school.  My cousin Frances and I put some on to look pretty.  Vilas said, “Now if Laurene and Frances will go out to the pump and wash that stuff off their faces, we will proceed.” We were embarrassed to tears.

 

Our previous teacher was very strict, and one day Norman was throwing spitballs.  She beat him with a yardstick.  We all sat there frozen.  Her face was purple, she was so mad.

 

We used to play football at recess and at noon lunch. My stepmother said, “Little ladies don’t play football,” but I loved it.  I sprained my wrist, so Dad had to run me down to the doctor.

 

When I was 12, we had to go to confirmation class every Saturday morning.  Elmer Knutson picked me up in his pony cart with two Shetland ponies.  We had to study for two years and then we were confirmed.  Frances, Sylvia and I were confirmed at the same time (we were all cousins).  Grandma Gunderson furnished our outfits, from top to bottom.  We had lovely French organdy dresses, made by dressmakers.  I still have mine and can get into it.  She also supplied slips, underwear, shoes and stockings.

 

The minister had us line up and asked us questions. I was so afraid he would ask me something I didn’t know. But all went well.

 

Grandpa would invite people to come over for dinner after church.  So Grandma had to go out and cut the head of another chicken to serve.  Grandpa always gave me a dollar bill.

 

One time when the folks were grocery shopping, my brother Carlyle said, “Let’s taste some of Dad’s brandy that he has in the medicine chest”.   We were eating crackers and when I took a little glassful I ran outside and lost the brandy and the crackers!  I haven’t tasted hard liquor since - just wine.

 

When I was 12, the event of the year came, as Grandpa and Grandma Gunderson celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary.

 

There was a sitdown dinner on the lawn for about 150 people.

 

Grandpa’s two half-sisters and three half-brothers came from Minnesota, as well as his stepmother, who was a dear old lady.

 

The minister who married them was also there, Pastor Brant.  Grandma was given a gold-handled umbrella, and Grandpa received a gold cane head.  There were many pictures taken, which I cherish.  My great-uncle Andrew went to Norway some time later and traced our ancestry back to the 1300s.  He had books made up for everyone.  My children are the last ones entered.  Forty people now live on the estate my great-grandfather once owned.

 

My first year of high school I lived with the Huebner family.  They owned and ran the movie theater.  My job was to put their son Arneford to bed after the first show.  We lived a couple of blocks away.  We went to the first show every evening and then I took Arneford home.  George and Della were a handsome couple, and she played piano and George sang while the movie was shown.

 

I loved it at the Huebner’s and would go roller skating after supper with the grade school kids.  We would go ice skating on Fowler Lake, too.  I was to ask permission if I went out after dark from my big brother, who worked at the drugstore.  One time a boy took me skating and we went to an ice cream parlor after skating and who should we run into but big brother and his girl!  It was after dark.

 

My second year was spent at Mrs. Boomer’s.  She ran a room and boarding house and we girls did all the dishes. I roomed with my cousin Sylvia.  We walked downtown to high school and even came home at noon.

 

My third year I stayed with my brother and his wife. She had T. B., so I helped her some.  Finally she got so bad that she had to go to the state sanitarium at Wales.  She died there a year later.  She was a beautiful, kind girl.

 

I wanted to enter some of the after school activities, but I felt it my duty to go home and help Marie.  However, I was the French maid in the high school play.  I loved dramatics and wished I could be in all the plays, but Helen Race got to be in many of the plays, as her father was on the school board and the teachers would favor her to hang on to their jobs.

 

My freshman year I took domestic science, the only thing I ever flunked.  They used to teach us to make oatmeal. Lucia O’Neal (another farm girl) and I would giggle through the whole thing.  We had been making oatmeal for a couple of years.  We thought it was a joke.  Dad was quite provoked with me.  I took bookkeeping, and I felt I wasn’t doing as well as I ought.  Miss Cooper said, “Do your best, Laurene; angels can do no better.”  I have always remembered that.

 

I took German and when I read it I did so dramatically.  Miss Jacobs said, “Laurene, you don’t have to ‘act it out’.”  Later, when the war came, we didn’t take German any more, so I switched to French and studied it for two years.

When World War I came, my two brothers went to France, as Dave was already in training.  Vilas left the “U” and went with intelligence, had a motorcycle and worked behind the line.  Dave was in the big battles.  Two of my cousins got shot in the shoulder, and one of them never really recovered. One of them came home in a casket, and we had a funeral in the park.

 

After the war, Dave stayed in France as an M.P. and fell in love with a beautiful French girl. Her mother sent us a letter in French, which I could read, saying they had no money for the “dot” (French for dowry), and she asked questions. We wrote back in English and told her we didn’t expect any “dot.

 

My brother was married in France to this beautiful girl.  Her father was the head of some school similar to St. Olaf.  They had a son a couple of years later who became a doctor.  He is now retired in Florida.  Gen spoke English but she and Dave talked French to each other sometimes.  I understood Dave, but she talked so fast I didn’t always understand her.

 

I forgot to tell that when I was 12 my stepmother said she must nurse the baby and that I must get up to start the fire in the cookstove and make the breakfast of boiled potatoes, fried pork and more.  I would have to go out to the woodpile to find chips and wood for the fire.  One time I used kerosene on the chips, as the fire wouldn’t start.  The water would freeze on top of the water pail.  One of my jobs was to fill the reservoir at the end of the stove, to warm water for the dishes.  It took several pails.

 

I was always glad when the wind blew; otherwise; we had to pump the water for the big water tank for the cows and horses.  I remember when we got the telephone while at Peterson’s. People would listen in on other conversations and add their two cents’ worth.

 

I was so glad when we got electricity at home, so I didn’t have to wash lamp chimneys.  Vilas learned how to install it at the “U”, so we had it in the house and barn, as well as a yard light.  It was a Delco set.  Later, the electricity came through, so we hooked up to it.

 

We had six cherry trees and Rollin and I had to pick all the cherries.  We would climb up a ladder and sometimes sit on a limb.  My stepmother would make 50 quarts of sauce, plus cherry jam.  I thought if I never saw another cherry, it would be okay with me.  But, you know I love cherry pie and make it often.

 

We also had an apple orchard, so we had to pick apples that Mother canned.  We also had some pear trees.  I said to Dad, “Why don’t we bag some of these apples and take them to town to sell them’.”  But he didn’t bother.  There were many trees that made good sauce.

 

My stepmother had a big vegetable and flower garden. She loved the outdoors.  She used to like to go to the barn at night and help milk, so I was left alone in the house to do the dishes.  One time I heard a knock at the window that frightened me.  I grabbed Curly, our collie, and started to run to the barn, but found it was my brother Rollin trying to scare me!

 

Curly was the kindest dog.  She always let the cats eat our leftovers first, and then she would eat.

 

We didn’t have indoor plumbing, so we had to go outdoors, winter and summer, to the privy.

 

At Peterson’s we had thunder mugs (used as toilets) under each bed, but I can’t recall having them at home. At that house we always had a white linen tablecloth, but I think we had a red-checked cloth at home.  Many ate on oilcloth.  My aunt detested that.  We also used the 1847 Rogers silver.  We also had some bone-handled forks and one day Inez said, “Let’s put them in a glass of vinegar. ‘  I guess it discolored them.

 

My aunt always had a switch at the pump (a small branch of the tree) that our legs would get switched with if we did something bad.  It hurt our dignity the most.

 

The year Dad built the new barn was a busy one.  They sawed the lumber for the barn from our own woods.

 

My stepmother’s father would come over from time to time and stay awhile.  He was Reverend O. M. Wilhelmsen.  When he was there, I had to give up my room and sleep in my folks’ room.  My Dad cut the end of the baby crib and let it down on a chair.  So that was my bed.  It was a spool bed and had been his when he was a baby.

 

My nephew has fixed it up and they used it for their children.  It looks lovely.

 

Dad was also a cabinetmaker and he made himself a very nice desk.  He also made my brother’s china cabinet out of our own cherrywood.  He had made a miniature chest for my mother that he gave me.  There were some of her things in the little drawers.  These included a gold box that opened with their pictures in it, and some of her hair.  I never saw it again as Dad sold the farm when he was 60 and bought a house in Oconomowoc.  The house was in the part of town called “Little Norway,” as many Norwegians lived there, near the church.  Tim had his house nearby.  Vilas bought a house just a few houses away, and Dave bought a house in the next block.

 

My sister later had a little grocery store in that area and called it “The Little Norway Store.”  She wanted to earn money to help send her son and daughter to college.  Her husband was a bookkeeper at Pabst Farms.  They also built a house in the area.  They later moved up north to Woodruff, where Bob had a job with the hospital, I believe as comptroller. He loved to fish and hunt, so they loved it up there.  My sister Doris married Bob right out of high school.  Dad had wanted to send her to St. Olaf College, too.

 

While in Oconomowoc, she was a foster mother and would also take babies that came from the hospital that the mothers couldn’t cope with at first.  She later adopted a pretty little girl that she took care of, and also had two children of her own.

 

Both of Doris’ children went to St. Olaf (our church school) and Ron went on to become a minister.  Her daughter became a nurse.  Ron went on to school to become a counselor and worked for some years at a place for drug addicts and alcoholics in Minnesota.  He also would travel and present papers. 

 

Now we go back to my high school days that were not too exciting.  Inez roomed with me my senior year.  We would eat our main meal at Helen Knutson’s, near us.  She made the most delicious lemon pies.  I think that year I weighed over 100 pounds.

 

When I was a junior, Red Frank invited me to go to the Junior Prom.  I asked Tim if I could go.  He said, “Oh my, you are too little to go to the prom.”  So I didn’t go. My senior year, no one asked me, so my brother took me.  I didn’t have a very good time, as I didn’t know the modern dances. I only knew how to waltz and two-step.  There was a boy there whom I liked, and he asked me to dance.

 

In the fall of my senior year, Carlyle and I got that dreadful flu and were in bed for weeks.  Dad came and took care of us and left Rollin and my stepmother to carry on at the farm.  The doctor sent sputum to Madison, as he feared T.B., but it was not.

 

I remember the night Carlyle had his crisis.  Dad sat up all night and came in ashen-faced and said, “Carlyle has pulled through his crisis.”  I was not as sick as he was. He almost died.

 

I graduated from high school at the end of that year and was exempt from exams, so I thought I was pretty smart.  I learned differently when I went to St. Olaf the next year.

 

I took advanced geometry, religion, French and ancient history.  I had trouble in geometry and had to go to a professor for help.

 

There wasn’t room at the dorm, so I stayed at a private home down the hill.  There were six of us girls.  My roommate and I still exchange Christmas letters.  She is 95 years old. She was a music student and was in the St. Olaf choir.  They went to Norway that year.  She later taught music in high school and met her husband.

 

We had lots of fun and had snacks in our rooms at night. I bought many of the treats.  I ran up a bill at the Ole store each month for cheese crackers, cookies, etc.

 

I had a Hawaiian steel guitar and ukulele.  A bunch of us used to go over to the Odd Fellow’s Hall and sing and harmonize with our ukes with the boys who lived next door.  They treated me as a little sister.  I told them that my brother Vilas had told me not to kiss any boys until I became engaged.  They said, “Stick to it.”  So I did.  But several tried, as I had a lot of dates.  We ate at the boarding house in the basement of the men’s dorm and boys would ask for dates there.  I remember one boy came up to me and said politely, “May I have an engagement with you this evening, Miss Rasmussen?”  I went and I think we went canoeing on the Cannon River.  It really was a no-no, but we got by.  I went out several times with a Johnson boy who had been in the Navy.

 

Some of the boys and cousins would put a tent near the river on Grandpa’s farm.  I never slept over, as I was afraid of snakes and bugs.

 

Grandpa always gave me a dollar every time I came.  He would say, “Laurene, you must have a dollar.”  One time, I decided to buy cornflakes with it, as I think they had just come out.  My stepmother said, “Why not buy underwear?” That went over like a lead balloon, so I bought cornflakes. I sold my brother Carlyle a dish for ten cents.  My first sale!

 

Uncle Nicholas, who went to the “U”, later became Superintendent of Schools in Prairie du Chien and Sparta.  He invited Frances, Sylvia and me to spend a weekend one time, but my stepmother wouldn’t let me go.  I felt terrible.

 

I remember one time Dad took me to Watertown to buy me a winter coat.  We went to the restaurant to eat and I didn’t eat a bite, I was so excited.  Dad was annoyed with me, as he had paid fifty cents for my dinner.

 

Uncle Nick would play “bear” with us when we were little. He would put a bear rug on his back and get down on all fours. We climbed all over him.

 

I'll never forget the night the cheese factory burned down.  It was a block or two away from my aunt’s house. The mailboxes were all up there in front of the factory. We used to take the milk there every morning in the milk wagon. He made brick cheese out of it.  We always bought a brick from time to time.  Someone gave me a puppy and Carlyle dr6pped a plank on it and killed it!  He was so cute.  That’s the only dog I had of my own.

 

Uncle Gunder ran the big farm with hired help.  He worked so hard from morning ‘til night.  I never saw Grandpa take a nap; he just sat in the rocker.  He came from the aristocracy in Norway, and his grandparents didn’t want this six-year-old boy to go to America with all the wild Indians.

 

Great-Grandpa was married three times and my grandpa was from the second marriage.  The first two wives died. They came over from Norway in 1847 by sailboat.  They came to Milwaukee and settled on the bank of Rock River.  They bought the land for $800, and had only a few neighbors.

 

Their land was among the Indians.  Cholera and malaria were a constant menace for years.  Emigrants lived all around them, amid sickness, death and hunger.  They were crying for assistance.  The considerable means my great-grandpa brought from Norway, where they had a nice home and all the comforts, was diminished, as their hospitality was well known.  Their home was always filled to capacity for short or long periods.

 

While Great-grandpa was busy digging stumps and stones to get the ground ready for cultivating, Great-grandma burnt the tallow dipper, needle in hand, making clothes for men, women and children.  You could not go to the store and buy anything ready-made.  After living on the farm for 23 years, Grandpa’s half-brothers and sisters moved to Minnesota.  They came to Kasson.

 

One year Great-Grandpa and Uncle Ole were the only ones in the neighborhood to care for the sick and bury the dead, so the trials of pioneers were severe and extreme.  They often came back to visit.

 

When they came to Kasson, Great-Grandpa built a home and the rest went to Nelson & Son firm.  It was about three years after the Civil War and prices were on a toboggan. In a few years, the investment was practically gone.

 

Uncle Christ had Nelson Mercantile.  Aunt Emma Lord married a lawyer who became a state senator.  Aunt Mina Holmen’s husband owned a bank in Kasson.  Martha married a Leuthold, who had 20 stores.

 

I visited at all their homes when I went to St. Olaf. I remember I was invited to Uncle Christian’s the Thanksgiving of my sophomore year.  I asked if I could bring my roommate, who was from Oconomowoc.  They said sure!  We never ate so much - we didn’t eat again for 24 hours.  It was a nice change from the boarding club.

 

I liked Aunt Mina the best.  She told me about Grandpa’s family’ who didn’t want him to come to America.

They all used to come to visit at home.  One time Aunt Emma and Aunt Mina stayed at my brother Tim’s house.  I gave them my bed and the bed broke down in the middle of the night. They were tall and quite hefty.  Tim fixed breakfast for us all the next morning.  They took the name Nelson, but Grandpa chose Gunderson.

 

Grandpa was the “klocker” at church.  I asked someone what that meant.  Someone said he timed the minister’s sermon!

 

After I graduated from high school in 1919 I went on to St. Olaf in the fall.  Dad said I could go there or the UW-Madison.  Vilas told me I would have more fun at a smaller school.  He went to the “U” to become a lawyer.  So of course

 

I went to St. Olaf and perhaps had the most carefree and fun life.  I was home sick at first, but if I went home, they would call me a baby.  After I had been home for Christmas, I never was homesick again.  I was so interested in this boy, I bought him a wide tie for Christmas; not in vogue.

 

I told Dad some of the girls got diamond rings that they wore on their right hands.  He said, “A half decent-looking girl should be able to get a diamond without her father giving it to her.”  I said some of the girls had raccoon fur coats. He said, “Fur coats are for old ladies; warm-blooded young people shouldn’t need one.”

 

I was so afraid I would be the shortest one there, but found Hildy Davidson was 4’10’ and I was 4’113/4”, so I called myself 5’ tall.  One of the girls who stayed in the house had pimples all over her back.  My cousin Vera told me that a girl at her dorm at the “U” had pimples all over her and had syphilis, so I told Miss Hilleboe, Dean of Women, and she had her physical moved up.  She left school, as she thought the rules were too strict.  She went back to Minneapolis.  Dancing was forbidden and we were never to leave town without permission.

 

We could folk dance.  We did that at the Freshman Party and then some couples started dancing.  One of the chaperones tapped them on the shoulder and said, “No, no.”  Many of the boys went out of town and danced, but we never dared.  But we did go canoeing, although that was also forbidden, but we never got caught.  My husband-to-be went out of town dancing.  If his father knew of it he would spank him, as he said dancing was nasty.

 

One of the girls in the house said, “I want to introduce you to a fellow I think you would like,” so we went ice skating on the Cannon River in -20 degree weather.  This fellow was there.  We skated, and he asked if he could take me home. We first went to the ice cream parlor, and I had a cream cheese sandwich (cheapest thing on the menu - 15 cents), as I knew he was a minister’s son with not much spending money.

 

Dad gave me a checkbook and I spent a lot, twice what my roommate spent.  They told me once, “You are overdrawn.”

 

I wrote back, “Don’t tell my dad.”  I would buy clothes and whatever my heart desired.  Dad was getting huge milk checks. I didn’t realize feed for cattle took money, too.  Dad never scolded.  I remember middy blouses were in vogue, so I bought three or four.  They were wool and very pretty, although expensive.

 

I went home at the end of the year and stayed with my brother on the farm.  Dad had not sent him on to school.

 

So Dad gave Carlyle 40 acres of his farm, on which he built a nice house with three bedrooms.  I remember I did a big wash (by hand) and hung them up outside on a twine clothesline. The twine broke and I ran across the road and told my cousin Flo. She put them in the washing machine and did them over for me. She was so kind to me.  She was one of the girls I grew up with. Her husband had been a salesman, but wanted to try his hand at farming.  My brother Carlyle said he never became much of a farmer.

 

That year I applied to teach in the school I had attended. I went to Jefferson County and wrote my exams for the position. So in the fall I became a teacher.  I remember at Christmas I had a nice program with all the parents invited.  I made little outfits, etc.  Four little girls sang “Away in a Manger”, and one of the fathers thought it was too “churchy”.  I had made little fairy outfits and wings for them.

 

Once I opened up a lower drawer in my huge desk and out flew six little pink mice and a much-frightened mother mouse.  I let out a scream and the kids were much amused.  They ran and caught them.

 

Then, when I was reading Evangeline to them, I started to cry.  That amused them, too.  I didn’t have much discipline trouble.  I did catch a boy cheating one day.  Was his face red!

 

Doris and I walked cross-lots to school many mornings, through cow pastures and under wire fences.  We were a little afraid of a bull.  Sometimes I drove my brother’s Chevy and parked it at my aunt’s house.  I didn’t want the kids fiddling with it.

 

Once couldn’t work out a problem, and I took it down to an upper grade.  She took a full page to do it.  I could do algebra.

 

One of the subjects I took my sophomore year was Botany. I liked it.  Professor Schmidt arranged a picnic for us one Saturday.  I didn’t go, and I guess few went.  I felt so sorry for him, as he almost cried.  I had a bad headache that day.

 

That summer, I found some lovely big ferns in the woods, but I didn’t know how to mail them to Professor Schmidt, so I didn’t. I wanted to write him a letter.

 

That year Micky and I became engaged.  He didn’t buy me a diamond, but he gave me his high school class ring.  We used to walk miles at night.  He loved to talk.  One in a while we went to a movie and sat up in the balcony and held hands and hugged a bit.  The night we became engaged, my landlady had given me the use of the living room and I played piano and sang for him.  I sang “A Perfect Day”, “I Love You Truly” and “With Someone Like You,” all popular at the time.  When I finished, he said, “I love you.”  I said, “But I’m too young to get married, and besides I want to become a missionary and go to China.”  I belonged to a group that was planning to do so.

 

Mickey said, “You can be my missionary.”  Dad hadn’t liked it when I spoke of becoming one.  He said, “You are too frail to do that.  It takes a strong person to do that. You would be a detriment.”  So I started reconsidering.

 

I would also enjoy becoming a kindergarten teacher, as I loved children.  Then Micky kissed me, and I felt it down to my toes - what a thrill!  So we became engaged1and I was walking on air!  After that, I never flirted with any of the boys.  I was in love.

 

I had brought Micky home at Eastertime to show him off to my family.  That was before we were engaged, I think. I stayed at my brother’s and he stayed at Florence’s across the road.  She was very impressed with him.  She said, 1’He has such fine manners and is so immaculately clean!”  He washed up at the pump in the kitchen, as there were no washing facilities upstairs.  I think Dad liked him, too.  Tim thought it was “puppy love”, as he still thought of me as a little girl. Once a minister’s daughter said to me, “Laurene, I kissed a boy last night.  Do you think I’m going to have a baby?” I said, “I don’t think so,” but I wasn’t sure.

 

I had studied about osmosis and thought that might be it.  She was a pretty redhead, but I can’t remember her name.  My roommate became engaged to a friend of Micky’s.  We used to stand in the hall and kiss when we came home from a movie! The door was locked at 10:00, so we had to ring in, if it got later.  Once a bunch of us had walked out to Hodge’s Pond in the country and had made a fire to roast marshmallows, and we fell asleep sitting up.  So we came home late.  My landlady said, “Where have you been!”  I told her we had fallen asleep. She believed me, and said she had worried so about us, having an accident or something.  I was her pet, as I loved to play with her little girl.

 

It was a beautiful spring, and we used to walk miles and talk.  Micky loved to tell me stories of his childhood.  His folks were very strict and if he had been naughty in school, his father would spank him, but wait until the next morning.

 

Once his teacher had hit him with a ruler and he hit her back!  His father was a missionary minister later in Canada. His mother couldn’t stand the climate up there, so she and Micky came home to Crookston and lived with her two maiden sisters.  They had a rooming house.

 

The summer Micky was to be confirmed he lived in Canada with his father.  He was confirmed alone at church and really had to learn his stuff.  His father bought him his first long pants and a suitcoat.  His dad had a wheat farm up there and did a lot of traveling.  He lived in the town of Medicine Hat.  He had built this nice house for Micky’s mother, but she hated Canada - said it was bad for her heart!  I think it was that they were not compatible, as they were both strong-willed.

 

It was Micky’s senior Year, and he was about to graduate.  He said, “Let’s get married.”  Another couple had eloped the year before and he became a famous preacher.  Marriage was forbidden at St. Olaf, but they got by, so we ran off to Faribou one Saturday morning and were married by a Lutheran pastor there!

 

Micky said when he applied for a license.  “Have you got something in the shape of a marriage license?”   I couldn’t help but laugh.  We had skipped morning classes that day, the first time I ever skipped a class.  We came home before 5:00, and I took him out for a turkey dinner, as he had run out of money and was waiting for his dad’s check.  We saw the Dean of Women and her boyfriend there.  She was a new dean and was somehow related.

 

Micky had wanted to stay in Faribault, but of course we couldn’t, as that would let the cat out of the bag.  We told no one, as we knew we would be expelled.  I didn’t even tell my roommate.  We went over to Carlton College and sat at Carlton Lake for awhile, but I was dead tired, so we came home. We had been given ~ certificate and Micky wanted me to take it.  I said, “Goodie might find it.”  So he took it home and said he would hide it under his shirts.  We told the newspaper not to publish the announcement of our marriage, as it was a secret.

 

Micky lacked a couple of credits, so he didn’t graduate and had to make them up.  So we didn’t tell anyone we were married, as we were afraid his dad would send him to summer school.  He went to the UW that summer, and then in August we told everyone. I asked Dad for some money for wedding announcements.  He was astonished.  He said, “I would have come to see my daughter get married.”  My aunt gave us a big party, with all the relatives. We received many lovely gifts.  My uncle Gunder “passed the hat” among the men so we could have some spending money.  That embarrassed me to tears.  St. Olaf was not satisfied with the credits, so we went back there for a semester and he was to graduate in spring, as there wasn’t mid-year graduation.  We found a tiny apartment, and after we left there, we went to Crookston and lived with his mother and two aunts for six months.  I worked a little in a furniture store as a sales clerk.

 

I got very lonely up there, so my folks sent me money and I went home for a visit.  Micky got a job selling woolens for the Minnesota Woolen Co.  He went out into the country, so his aunts bought him a used car.  They were so kind to us.

 

Auntie Frances would walk downtown to get milk to save on a gallon, even though there was a store nearby.  She said, “Ten cents here and ten cents there to save.”  She had lovely brown hair and she loved to have me brush it.

 

 

Auntie Trina sewed beautifully and made me a lovely dress.  Florence had sent me a dress, and Trina took it apart and made me a lovely fitted dress.  She didn’t need a pattern.  She had made herself a lovely overblouse from the lining of a coat.

 

In the fall, we drove down to Minneapolis and Micky went to the “U” of Minnesota to take up Pharmacy.  He made it in three years, as he was already a college grad.  It was a four-year course.

 

Grandpa asked me if I wanted to become a druggist too, but I said no.  He set us up in a big house near Loring Park.  His stepson and his wife were with us.  Henry wanted to become a doctor.  He was a St. Olaf graduate.  We rented all the upstairs rooms and Micky and I had a pullout bed in the living room.  Henry and Cyrilla slept in the dining room, and their little son did, too.  We had a large dining area and served an evening meal to the renters.  I helped with that.

 

A friend of mine decided to go to beauty school, so I asked Dad for $50 for the short course.  We went to “Madame de Guile’s” and learned to marcel, as that was in vogue.  We would shampoo and work on each other.  My hair became like hay, so I took hot oil treatments to bring it back.  A Frenchman taught me to marcel.  Permanent waving was just coming in, but we didn’t take that.  I never worked in a shop, just did some of the ladies in the rooming house and charged them 50 cents.

 

That winter I became pregnant, so a friend of ours who had a big home offered us her third floor (we called it the attic).  Her daughter had lived there when first married.  We had a tiny living room, dining room, kitchen and half-bath.  We had to go to the second floor for tub baths.

 

I also did the landlady’s daughter’s hair.  I would send my laundry out wet wash and hang it up outside in her big backyard.  She lived next door to ex-Governor Preuss, so it was a lovely neighborhood.  Micky didn’t hang the laundry to suit her; as he would hang a dishtowel next to underwear.  She wanted everything together.  She said, “Let me hang it.”  She was deaf, so I had to shout at her.

 

Her husband was a noisy old man and she said she prayed once that she wouldn’t hear him.  She said she guessed she got her wish. They had 12 children, but only one girl left at home who went to the “U.”  She had a crush on my husband and said she was going to get him!  I told her that if he wanted someone like her, he could have her!  She and her girlfriend had boys running in and out at night!  The mother never knew it, as she was so deaf.  One son was a doctor in Chicago. He was his mother’s pride and joy.  That winter she went to visit him.  She offered to buy my train ticket home to travel with her.  So I went for a visit.  Dad gave me my mother’s seal jacket, and it was tight on me.  He said, “Your mother was nice and slim.”  I said, “Daddy, I’m pregnant.”  He never lived to see my baby.  He died that spring, not too long after he had sold the farm and moved to town.  They had been out to dinner next door at Brent’s and had had a fine dinner.  Dad got sick in the night and they called Tim, who lived a couple of blocks away, but he didn’t make it.  Dad had had angina and a heart condition for 20 years.  He told me when I asked him why he retired so young.  He was 60.  It was a terrible shock, and I was visiting my Aunt Alla (with whom I grew up).  I remember she screamed when she got the message.  He had helped “the boys”, as he called his sons, with odd jobs, built a back door stoop for Dave and other things.  He had said, “Come and stay with us a couple of days, before you go back.”

 

I had promised to stay with them, but that never transpired. While at Dave’s, I made him waffles.  He said they were just like his mother used to make.

 

Vilas settled Dad’s estate.  He never had made a will, so my stepmother got a third, I think, and the house and the rest went to the seven children.  I asked Vilas for my share, but he said it would take awhile.  He gave me $50 of his own, as I was expecting the baby.  Mother Mickelsen paid my hospital bill (two weeks), and I received many lovely gifts.  The doctor only charged $75, as Micky was still a student.

 

Carol was born on a Sunday morning.  We went to the hospital at 8:00.  Dr. Bakken said the baby would come after dinner, so he went home.  At noon our baby came and the intern, a St. Olaf boy we knew delivered her.  She was a beautiful 7 lb. 3 oz. baby, and it was the happiest day of my life. She had pink cheeks.

 

We went home and I had “Holt’s Baby Book.”  My sister-in-law had given it to me and I followed it to the letter! It was such fun, as she was such a good baby.  We had found a bassinet on wheels (ad in paper) for which we paid two dollars.  It was wicker.  I scrubbed it up outside with fear of germs and left it out in the sun until it was very clean. The basket was removable ~5O we would put her on the back seat in it when we went to visit Henry and his wife in the evening.

 

When Carol was seven months, I said, “Carol, say Henry.” she said, “Henry.”  His eyes almost bugged out!  Besides Andy, had a little girl a year older than Carol, whom I took care of a lot.  They were running an apartment house, and they had a basement apartment.  Henry went to school during the day, so I sometimes had to go over to take care of Cyrilla and Gail.  I washed diapers for both babies.  I also had to fire the big furnace with coal when Henry was gone.  He was there at night, of course.  We would sleep in an empty apartment.

 

One time I got sick after being there awhile.  Micky said they would have to come to our apartment after that, if I was to care for Cyrilla and Gail.  Carol was on a four-hour schedule for nursing.  Micky said, “Let’s change her from 6-10 to 7-11-3,” so she very nicely accommodated us.  She was like a clock.  Micky didn’t want to be awakened at 6 a.m.  So Carol very nicely adjusted.

 

She nursed until she was a year old.  I tried to wean her as per the pediatrician’s orders.  I took her to him every month and he said she gained just right each month and was a perfect baby.  I don’t remember how old she was when he put her on cream of wheat or vegetables.  I used to strain cooked vegetables.

 

Our son, Rodney, was born two and a half years after his sister was born!  Micky was still in school, so we borrowed $600 on his Lutheran Brotherhood insurance policy when he was born.  Grandma came and took care of Carol while I was in the New Asbury Hospital.  I was on a sunporch with seven other women.  One of the ladies had her son circumcised there, so we all had wined.

 

We lived in a third floor apartment (no elevator).  The doctor said to take the baby out each day, so I’d wheel him down in his buggy and Carol managed the steps.  We moved over to a house Grandpa owned and enjoyed it there.  It was the end of the school year for my husband.  He was offered a salesman job for Upjohn Pharmaceutical, but would have to travel for weeks, so I vetoed that.

 

My two oldest brothers, who owned a drugstore in Oconomowoc, were opening up another store in Waukesha in the new Avalon Hotel.  They offered Micky the job of managing it, so of course, we jumped at the chance.  We came home and stayed with my brothers until we could find an apartment.  We found one in a string of apartments that had two bedrooms up and downstairs. It was $55 a month.  I told him I hadn’t paid that much in Minneapolis, but he said, “Take it or leave it.”  So we took it, as it was within walking distance from the store.

 

We later moved across the street and we had a lower and my aunt and her daughter had the upstairs of the house. That was dandy.  Inez was a nurse, so she did much private duty for the wealthy people in town.  She went to Europe with an old priest who wanted to go to Germany before he died.  They also went to Rome and to Florence.  On the boat, she met an Englishman whom she later married.  So she moved to California, and her mother went to live with Florence, an older daughter.

 

We then moved to a big upper apartment on Hartwell Avenue. We had three bedrooms, a big living room, dining room and sunroom.  Rodney had the sunroom for his bedroom, as I rented out the spare bedroom, mostly to Carroll College students.

 

Later, Henry, my husband’s half-brother, said their mother who lived in Crookston could no longer live alone.  He brought her to us, as he and his wife worked.  He was an x-ray technician, and she was a nurse.  So Grandma came and lived with us for six months.  Then Grandpa, who had had surgery in Chicago, asked to come and live with us.  We had a huge attic to store all the trunks.  Grandma said, “He can’t come here,” but who better than the father who had put Micky through college and the University of Minnesota.  They were not compatible, but I put up two beds in the sunroom and Rod slept on a cot in the dining room.  What a houseful we had.

 

Later, Henry and his wife took Grandma, and Grandpa moved somewhere else.  Grandma ran away in Toledo, so it was decided to put her in the nursing home and Grandpa went there, too. Grandma died there from a stroke.  She didn’t like it there.

 

Grandpa went to a big Lutheran home in Minneapolis, where he later died.  He did some preaching there.

I worked in the store some and later, when the children were in school, I worked when needed.  When our full-time girl got sick, I was it until the school help came on.  We had a big turnover of kids, three of whom became college professors.  We were proud of all our “boys.”

 

We moved from the Avalon Hotel building over to Main Street in the Pix Theater building, where we stayed until we sold out to Hoeveler’s Drug, and my husband worked for them for five years.  He also worked at the County Home as a druggist for five years, and then in Mukwonago for Miller’s Drugstore for a couple of years.  He worked until he was 75 years old, and was well all the while.  It was a couple of years before his death at 90 that his health began to fail.

 

He had congestive heart failure.  He spent two and a half months at the Avalon Infirmary, and I decided to take him home and care for him.  The head nurse said, “You can’t do it,” but I did.  He enjoyed life until the last, when he was hospitalized for a couple of weeks.

 

We celebrated our 50th wedding anniversary at church and went on to be married 68 years.

 

When my youngest granddaughter was married, she had them play, “With someone like you, a pal good and true, I’d like to leave it all behind and go and find, someplace that’s known to God alone, just a place to call our own.”  That was our theme song that we sang the year we were married.  She had it played, and we danced alone at her wedding, at Nakoma Country Club in Madison.

 

 

Alfred Otto Rasmussen [1864-1925]

 

A Tribute to My Father, by Laurene Rasmussen Mickleson [1901-1995]

 

My father was born September 8, 1864, on a farm in Jefferson County, to Tosten and Margot Rasmussen. He came from a big family of brothers and sisters. There were Susan, Ida, Ella, Julia, Martin, Peter, Albert, Ellis, and Severn. Dad went away to an academy to school. He told me his mother gave him a jar of butter, bread, cheese and cookies, so he more or less boarded himself. There were no high schools there at that time. He was a great reader. When he left home, his father gave him $500.00 in gold to buy land. He bought a farm near Uncle Albert's and bought a house.

 

Dad married my mother, Caspara Torina Gunderson, July 3rd, 1888. Six children were born to them, Timon Norton, born October 24,1890, Alvin Myron, born January 14, 1893, Vilas Lenore, born February 15,1895, Carlyle Archibald, born June 17,1897, Rollin Abner, born June 12,1899, and me, Laurene Jennette, born October 16,1901.

 

When my parents were first married, they lived on his father's farm. My grandparents fixed up the hen house for them. We always teased Tim and said he was born in a hen house. Next, Dad and Mother lived with Uncle Albert, who was a bachelor, until Dad's house was built. We always called Uncle Albert "Uncle Gibby". Dad was always on the school board and was also a justice of the peace.

 

My mother died three weeks after I was born. That left Dad with a dairy farm, five little boys, eleven to two, and me. My grandmother took me until my aunt raised me with her children, but he raised all those little boys, baked the bread, sewed their shirts, and all. I don't know how he did it! Poor Rollin was only two. I presume the older boys had to take care of him.

 

When I was ten he decided to remarry. Dad married the minister's daughter, Anna. They had taught Sunday school and sung in the choir at church. They were married in the parsonage on July 6, 1911. Their daughter, Doris Helen Lucille, was born two years later. Her mother chose the name Doris, Dad chose Helen, and I chose Lucille, after my favorite doll!

 

I was so pleased to have a little sister. I used to pull' her around in my wagon. She was such a bright little girl. She wanted to go to school with me, the year I taught country school, although she belonged in the Monterey school. She got permission to do so. Doris was a good student and never gave me any trouble. In fact, I never really had discipline problems, quite different from today. In those days children obeyed and respected their elders. I taught the year between my freshman and sophomore years at college.

 

Dad was quite a cabinet maker. He made a fine desk for himself, a fine cherry china cabinet for Tim for a wedding gift with his own cherry wood and he made my mother a delicate, miniature dresser with drawers and carving. He ceremoniously gave it to me one time. I moved away, he sold the farm, and I did not get the dresser. It was very dear to me, as it contained a gold locket with my mother and father's picture and another one with some of my mother's brown hair. The dresser was all carved, too.

 

He was a great dreamer and felt that you could do anything, if you really applied yourself. Dad had built a round barn and later wanted to extend his dairy herd, so he built a much bigger one, one hundred feet long, with the timber from our woods.

 

Carlyle stayed on the farm, as he was the best worker, although he would have liked to have become a minister. Dad sold him forty acres of his farm, and Colly built a nice three-bedroom house on it and later married the Monterey schoolteacher.

 

When Dad was sixty, he decided to sell the farm and move to Oconomowoc, as he had had a heart condition for twenty years. He bought an old house near Tim's but did not live through the summer. One night, after having gone out to dinner next door, he had a heart attack, and Tim couldn't even get there in time. He had been helping the "boys", as he called his sons, doing odd jobs and fixing things. I remember he built new steps from the kitchen for my brother, Dave.

 

All of the boys lived in the part of town called "Little Norway", as it was near the Norwegian Lutheran church. Doris and her husband later built a fine house there, too. They later moved up north to Woodruff.

 

I remember how Dad and my Uncle Nick used to argue about predestination and how he and his father-in-law, the Reverend O. I. M. Wilhelmsen, used to argue about this. Dad would go out and get the encyclopedia to show he was right. Dad took a strong interest in politics. He was a great admirer of Lincoln, Teddy Roosevelt, and La Follete.

 

Dad made me a sailor dress, and I remember I was fascinated watching him sew the white braid on the trim. Usually he sent to Montgomery Ward for my dresses. He taught me to play our old-fashioned organ. He had taught himself and played hymns. At night we sometimes played "Authors" and a geography game, naming a place with the next person naming a state, city, or river with the last letter of the last word. He bought us a croquet set that we greatly enjoyed. He made me a little wagon of wood; he even made the wheels of wood! He loved the circus and always took us when it came to town. He loved the buggy races at the state fair. He bought his first car, a Buick, when I was twelve years old.

 

The only grandchild Dad got to see was Nat, Dave's son, who became a doctor. I had hoped he would get to see my baby, but that was not to be. Thirteen more grandchildren came after Dad's death. How he would have loved them all'

 

I wish I could have shown Dad how much I admired and loved him. Perhaps he knew, for he was very wise.

 

Tina Gunderson

 

Hartford Press, 05 12 1896

 

Miss Tina Gunderson died in home of her parents in the town of Ixonia on Wed, May 13, of consumption, aged 22 years. Daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Nels Gunderson.  Unusually bright and intelligent young lady, dearly loved by all who knew her. She was a very successful teacher, her last term having been taught at Toland during 1894-95. She took a severe cold in the spring of the latter year which developed into consumption. During her long and severe illness she exhibited a cheerfulness and fortitude which showed her truely Christian spirit. Funeral at Norwegian Lutheran Church, Rock River, Rev Wilhelmson officiating.

 

Torger Wesley

 

Translated from 'Nordmændene i Amerika' by Martin Ulvestad, 1907.

 

Jefferson County

 

Pioneer and Civil War veteran, Torger Wesley tells, "I emigrated with my parents from Gran parish, Hadeland in the summer of 1848. We were supposed to depart from Hamburg, but when we came to Drammen, war had broken out between Denmark and Germany and all passenger traffic from the Scandinavian countries was stopped. After waiting 7 weeks in Drammen we got passage in a sail ship to New York. From New York to Albany we went by steamship and from Albany to Buffalo, we went by canal boat that was drawn by horses. That took all of 6 days. From Buffalo to Milwaukee we continued by steamship, and from the latter, by horse wagon to the Rock River settlement in Jefferson County. It was not good here. Within a few weeks, 7 of the family's 9 members became sick and father was out of money. We got through the winter in a way, but later things got better."

 

A large number of Norwegians (some of whom had come there as early as 1842) moved away from the Rock River settlement. (The aforementioned T. Wesley now lives in Garfield, Portage Co., Wis.)

 

Since I am talking about the old settlements here, I should refer the readers to the section 'Norwegians in American Wars.”  There one will again find these pioneers - while their children, in newer settlements elsewhere in the book.

 

At the end of the 40s a Norwegian Lutheran congregation was established in Jefferson County and several were established later, none of them exist now. There is a little Adventist congregation; that is all. But, in the neighboring counties, it is quite different.

 

Kroghville Post Office, which has gotten its name from Norwegians, was closed a long time ago.